Museum of Science, significant American museum of science and technology, established in 1830 in Boston, as the Boston Society of Natural History. Having grown out of its unique structure, it moved in 1948 to a region on the Charles River presently known as Science Park and was renamed the Boston Museum of Science (Boston was later dropped). The museum's perpetual shows highlight such themes as rocks and minerals, plants, mounted creatures, models of monitored space cases, PCs, the universe, the human body, and power, and the museum incorporates a five-story tall, domed film theatre.